Empowered by Design?

"First Nations' Artforms in Relationship to Spirituality"


Douglas J. Cardinal: Architect

      Mr. Douglas J. Cardinal, OC., B. Arch, OAAMAAP, FRAIC. RCA. LL.D, Architect.
      Born: Calgary, Alberta, March 07, 1934, First Nations
      Parents: Joseph Henry and Frances Margaret C. Cardinal
      Education: UBC -1953-4, University of Texas, B.A. Architecture. (Honours) 1963.
      Children: Allanah, Nancy, Sabrina, Guy, Dout.
      Formed: Douglas J. Cardinal Architect, 1964, Inc. 1976, opened Ottawa 1985.
      Frequent speaker of Conferences, Symposiums.
      Designed Canadian Museum of Civilization, Hull, Quebec.
      Selected Designer, Architect National Museum of American Indians, Washington, D.C.
      Recipient of many awards and wide media recognition.
      One of North America's authours on Computer Aide and Drafting Systems in Architecture.

    Douglas J. Cardinal is a frequent guest on television programs. He lives the traditional First Nation way of life. He speaks openly about using the Sweat Lodge as a way of finding a solution to design problems, a new concept, or as a way to offer gratitude for the many opportunities life has offered to him. The Canadian Museum of Civilization in Hull, Quebec is ecologically at home in its surroundings. Mr. Cardinal designed this building in such a way that all cultures of Canada would feel comfortable therein, telling the traveler that the accultural border between Quebec and Ontario is a bridge because of the design. The particular building resembles the Huron Long House.

    Mr. Cardinal on the subject of his design:

    "The Museum will be symbolic in form. It will speak of the emergence of this continent, its forms sculpted by the winds, the rivers, the glaciers. It will speak of the emergence of man from the melting glaciers; of man and woman living in harmony with the forces of nature and evolving with them. It will show the way in which man first learned to cope with the environment, then mastered it and shaped it to the need of his own goals and aspirations."

    He designed St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Red Deer, a project that brought him critical acclaim. He further developed subsequent buildings, such as Grande Prairie Regional College, the Ponoka Government Services Centre, and the St. Albert Civic and Cultural Centre. In 1992 Douglas Cardinal was awarded the Canada Council Molson Prize for the Arts, and in 1993 he was commissioned to design the Smithsonian Institutions's National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, D.C.

    The Government of Canada writes of him this way,

      "Rather than using conventional drafting techniques, Cardinal makes use of computer technology to develop; his complex curvilinear designs. His firm, Douglas J. Cardinal Architect Limited, was one of the first fully electronic architectural firms in North America." -(1994)


    Designs by Douglas J. Cardinal


    "Neeginan Round House & Park",
    designed by Douglas J. Cardinal
    Awarded Honorary Citizen of the City of Winnipeg, 1999.

    Great Smoke Hole


    "Thunderbird House"
    in the heart of the old city
    - where once the landscape was only derelict buildings on Main Street's "Skid Row". Many trees were sacrificed and given honour by renewing and regenerating the symbols that were once of primary status on the land.


    As with Cardinal, Elijah Harper also works the difficult spaces between aboriginal and western culture, while speaking both Cree and the English language, and nuances of politics.

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